Impact of campus living conditions on Chinese medical school students' mental health during the COVID-19 campus lockdown: the chain mediating role of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression.

Objective: To investigate the effect of changes in campus living conditions related to the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on medical school students' mental health status, to explore the mediating role of emotion regulation strategies, and to provide effective suggestions for promoting medical school students' mental health. Methods: A self-report questionnaire, an emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ), and psychological questionnaires for emergent events of public health (PQEEPH) were used to interview 998 medical school students who experienced campus lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The mean total PQEEPH score was 3.66 ± 3.06. The degrees of inconvenience in daily life and change in routine and expression suppression as an emotion regulation strategy were significantly positively correlated with all PQEEPH dimensions. Cognitive reappraisal was significantly negatively associated with depression, neurosis, obsessive-compulsive anxiety, and hypochondriasis (ps < 0.05). Cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression demonstrated a chain mediating role between the degree of inconvenience in life and mental health and between the degree of change in routine and mental health (F = 32.883, 41.051, ps < 0.05). Conclusion: Campus lockdown management significantly impacts medical school students' mental health. Extensive use of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression can reduce students' adverse psychological reactions during campus lockdowns to an extent.

Pathway from interpersonal sensitivity to depression among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 campus lockdown.

BACKGROUND: Due to the continuous spread of the epidemic, some colleges and universities have implemented a campus lockdown management policy in China. In the context of the campus lockdown, this study aimed to explore whether anxiety mediated the association between interpersonal sensitivity and depression, and investigate whether psychological capital moderated the indirect or direct effect of mediation model. METHODS: A total of 12945 undergrad students were recruited in China from April 10 to 19, 2022. These participants were asked to complete the online questionnaires measuring interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, psychological capital, and depression. A moderated mediation model was examined by using PROCESS macro for SPSS 25.0, in which anxiety was a mediating variable, and psychological capital was a moderating variable. RESULTS: Interpersonal sensitivity was positively associated with depression among Chinese college students (r = 0.47, P < 0.001). Anxiety partially mediated the association between interpersonal sensitivity and depression (indirect effect = 2.31, 95%CI [2.18, 2.44], accounting for 70% of the total effect). Moreover, the interaction effect of interpersonal sensitivity and psychological capital on anxiety (ß = -0.04, t = -17.36, P < 0.001) and the interaction effect of anxiety and psychological capital on depression (ß = 0.002, t = 1.99, P < 0.05) were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The current study explained the mediation role of anxiety and the moderation role of psychological capital in the relation between interpersonal sensitivity and depression. The findings suggested that strict monitoring anxiety and promoting psychological capital may decrease the risk of depression among Chinese college students during the campus lockdown.

Facilitators of a Campus Tobacco-free Policy: Navigating the Politics

Objective: In this paper, we discuss prioritization, formulation, and adoption of a comprehensive campus tobacco-free policy on a large, diverse campus at a public university in the United States. Methods: We examined the comprehensive campus tobacco-free policy experience through Kindgon's Multiple Streams Framework, which stipulates that policy change can happen when problem, policy, and politics align. We focus on the factors that led the political stream to align with the problem and policy streams to create a "window of opportunity" for adopting this policy. Results: The campus experience with COVID-19 helped spur policy adoption. Support from leadership, a committed faculty-administration team, engagement with stakeholders and community partners, knowledge of the policy adoption process, and sustained advocacy all contributed to policy adoption. Conclusions: Campus tobacco-free policy advocates can navigate the politics of prioritizing, formulating, and adopting a campus smoke-free policy by knowing the context and process, being comfortable with policy work, engaging with tobacco prevention stakeholders, sustaining their efforts and advocating in multiple ways, and considering implementation and evaluation early.

Understanding occupancy pattern of university libraries in the post-pandemic era

Understanding indoor occupancy patterns is crucial for energy model calibration, efficient operations of fresh air systems, and COVID-19 exposure risk assessment. University libraries, as one of centers of campus life, due to the high mobility and "foot-voting” nature of them, i.e., occupants pick seats in the micro-environments they prefer, provide a non-intrusive opportunity to carry out post-occupancy evaluations. We conducted a long-term online monitoring of occupancy in libraries of a university in China by web-crawling the online seat reservation system, based on which, we constructed two sets of databases consisting of around 70 million records of nearly 3, 000 seats in 4 library sections, with seat-level resolution and sampling frequency up to every 10 seconds. The informative data set depicts not only the overall spatio-temporal occupancy patterns, but also nuances hidden within seats and visits. The daily flow of the main libraries exceeded two visits per seat. Half of the visitors stayed at the libraries for 3-6 hours during a single occupancy. Semester schedules and campus accessibility together influence students' decisions on when and which library to go, while even within the same zone, some seats were always more popular than their neighbours. "Semi-isolation” is one of the candidate attractive features proposed to understand the underlying patterns. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.

Generating students' loyalty towards the sustainable university during the later COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought tremendous changes in society. Universities were among the few organisations with some previous knowledge of online education, being able to rapidly adapt by transferring already known best practices to the new context. As teaching moved to online, students encountered less sustainable implementation by their universities. This allowed the development of previously planned sustainable strategies so that when face-to-face teaching resumed, universities could be even more sustainable. This paper aims to explore loyalty to the sustainable university during the later COVID-19 pandemic based on the university's efforts to manage a green campus. Design/methodology/approachTo investigate loyalty towards the sustainable university during the later COVID-19 pandemic, a conceptual model is proposed. This research is grounded in an empirical investigation using a quantitative online survey implemented with online interviews, the relations between all latent constructs being analysed with SmartPLS. FindingsThe results show that university sustainability reflects student loyalty, outlining the image developed under the influence of green campus management. The results show that universities must intensify their efforts to support the sustainable agenda and create a sustainable academic brand, inducing student loyalty. The findings may attract the attention of other universities wishing to gain knowledge about the factors that students consider important in generating their loyalty. Research limitations/implicationsAs this research was carried out in the later COVID-19 pandemic context from 2021, the students already had experience of online teaching, so their assessment of the sustainability strategies implemented could be quite different from their perceptions in the first months of the pandemic. This research provides a comprehensive insight into the overall strategy that a sustainable university might apply in a crisis context. Social implicationsResearch has shown that green campus management has a positive impact on the sustainability of a university's image, on how students perceive the university at which they study and on the university's efforts to ensure efficient campus management. These factors contribute to the development of a strong and sustainable image of the university within the community. Originality/valueThe originality of this paper lies in the research questions designed to conceptualise and operationalise the generation of students' loyalty towards their university by encouraging and implementing sustainable strategies on campus. This paper highlights a structural model that combines strategic practices to determine students' loyalty towards a sustainable university during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Waste Management in the Laboratories of the University of Evora (2007-2021)

Waste generated in university laboratories is an important component of university waste management, especially regarding their hazardousness and, also, the cost involved in their forwarding. To make a good management of this waste, it is essential to know the amount generated and the composition. However, this type of information remains scarce. In this work, waste from the laboratories of the University of evora (Portugal) was surveyed from 2007 to 2021, using existing records. In the 15 years under analysis, the laboratories of the University of evora generated about 61 tonnes of waste, 88% of which were hazardous and 66% were in the liquid state. In addition, only 3% of this waste was subjected to recovery operations. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to a double increase in hospital waste generated and to a substantially decreased of hazardous liquid waste from the laboratory activity, especially in the first year of the pandemic. In 2021, the second year of the pandemic, there was a "return to normality", reaching the highest value of waste generated in the laboratories, of 8.6 tonnes. Finally, possible solutions for improving laboratory waste management were also discussed.

Awareness and perception of the environmental sustainability of the UAE University campus: a case study of sustainability course

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the entry-level student's awareness of environmental sustainability focussing on the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) campus and measure the effectiveness of the course materials. A comparison between the students who took the general education sustainability (GESU 121) course face to face and the ones who tool it online was applied. Design/methodology/approachThis study was descriptive in nature, and the data is obtained using a cross-sectional survey of the students attending the UAEU in 2020. The data collection was done in two semesters, Spring 2020 [face-to-face class] and Fall 2020 [online class, after COVID-19 effect]. A total of 160 participants responded to the survey. The Pearson's Chi-square test for independence was conducted and used to identify if any statistical differences exist between the studied variables. FindingsThis study revealed that the awareness of environmental sustainability was increased in both groups [face-to-face students and online students], after taking the course. In addition, around 80% of the students were interested to participate in sustainability initiatives on the UAEU campus. The students' perception of the statements about the UAEU campus environmental sustainability varied from Spring 2020 (53.3% were not sure that the UAEU campus is environmentally sustainable) to Fall 2022 (63% of the online students believed that the campus is environmentally sustainable). Originality/valueStudents' awareness and perception are very important to improve the environmental sustainability of the University campus. The novelty of this study is to examine the awareness of entry-level students among the environmental sustainability focussing on the UAEU campus and examine the effect of COVID-19 [online classes] on delivering the course knowledge. The findings of this study provide the information for the improvement of the course for the future semesters.

Automated Face Mask Detection using Artificial Intelligence and Video Surveillance Management

Surveillance camera has become an essential, ubiquitous technology in people's daily lives, whether applicable for home surveillance or extended to public workplace detection. The importance of the camera is irreplaceable in terms of the agent for an enclosed system to function correctly. The goal of ubiquitous computing is to keep different devices or technology communicating seamlessly, allowing them to expand to other areas instead of limiting it to one device. However, many research papers have been released on how the camera can aid in the current situation where COVID-19 is still raging worldwide, especially in crowded places. This paper aims to suggest a method by which surveillance cameras on the university campus can automatically detect student face mask status and notify them. Alongside that, this concept of applying a video management system within the university campus will assist in the automation of invigilating the student's daily mask status from the number of embedded surveillance cameras around the campus. © 2023 IEEE.

The effect of student choice and interest on student success: A quantitative study of the outcomes of specialized school experiences in Texas

This study was designed to add to the body of work around specialized campuses in the state of Texas. These campuses are becoming increasingly popular across the nation and there is little data to support whether they or traditional campuses are more successful when it comes to student outcomes. This research aims to determine if specialized school models positively impact student achievement by providing quantitative data to further the discussion about the effectiveness of these campuses. In order to accomplish this task, the researcher considered specialized campuses to be those that are Early College High Schools, STEM campuses, Leadership Academies, and any others that have a specialized focus different from a traditional campus. Data was collected from a five-year period from the 2014-2015 school year to the 2018- 2019 school year to avoid the anomalies of the COVID Pandemic of 2020. A group of specialized schools that serve grades 9-12 was selected and a comparable set of traditional schools was selected for comparison. Success was determined by an analysis of data provided by the Texas Education Agency and included, Average Daily Attendance, 4-year Longitudinal Graduation Rate, End of Course STAAR scores, national testing results, and Texas's College, Career, Military Readiness (CCMR) measure. This data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and a t-test to determine the difference in the means of the two data sets. The results of the study showed that specialized campuses outperform traditional campuses in six of seven standardized tests and the CCMR measure. This is important data for district and school administration as it relates to future planning and meeting the needs of all students within their scope of influence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

COVID-19 and campus users: A longitudinal and place-based study of university mobilities in Texas.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted people's daily routines, including travel behaviors, social interactions, and work-related activities. However, the potential impacts of COVID-19 on the use of campus locations in higher education such as libraries, food courts, sports facilities, and other destinations are still unknown. Focusing on three largest universities in Texas (Texas A&M university, the University of Texas at Austin, and Texas Tech University), this study compares changes in campus destination visitations between pre and post COVID-19 outbreak (2019 Fall and 2021 Fall semesters, respectively) using the mobility data from SafeGraph. It also examines the potential moderation effects of walkable distance (i.e. 1 km) and greenery (i.e. NDVI value). The results presented the significant effects of COVID-19 on decreasing visitations to various campus places. The visitation decreased more significantly for people living within 1 km (defined as a walkable distance) of campus and for the food, eating, and drinking places and the sports, recreation, and sightseeing places. This finding suggests that those living near campus (mostly students) decreased their reliance on campus destinations, especially for eating/drinking and recreation purposes. The level of greeneries at/around campus destinations did not moderate campus visitations after COVID-19. Policy implications on campus health and urban planning were discussed.

Impact of Online vs. On-Campus Classes on Academic Performance of EFL Learners' Speaking Skills

Academic performance is an essential component of assessing the success of educational programs. During the coronavirus lockdown, educational institutions worldwide changed their methods of teaching to suit the new online mode of teaching. Consequently, many students, particularly EFL learners' academic performance have been affected. This study reports the findings of online teaching's impact on learners' academic performance in the speaking course at the English Department, Najran University. This is mainly attempted through a comparison of students' academic performance in online teaching mode in speaking courses during the Coronavirus lockdown with that of on-campus teaching mode before the Covid-19 lockdown. Data for the study were collected from the scores of the students in speaking skills, which included grades for the final exams. The data were collected from the participants (N = 80 students), 40 males + 40 females, who received instructions via both the on-campus and online teaching modes. The results of the study revealed that the variability in both modes of teaching was very distinct. Students' grades in the on-campus mode of teaching did vary too much from grades in the online teaching mode. The scores of both modes of teaching similarly varied from A, B, C, D, and from failed, deprived, absentee, and withdrawn students. However, it has been found that the majority of the students performed better in the online teaching mode than on-campus. © 2023 ACADEMY PUBLICATION.

Gadgets Made for Preventing the Spread of COVID-19 infection in a Small University

Development of gadgets, which are an easy input system in the health survey and a simple carbon dioxide (CO2) alarm, for preventing infection of COVID-19 in a university's campus is discussed. Cluster infection did not occur in the rooms where a gadget of them was installed, until summer of 2022. © 2023 Owner/Author.

Indoor Environment and Health Protocol Monitoring and Control System Integrated into a Smart Robot to Promote Safety on University Campuses

This article discusses about the design and deployment of a smart robotic system on university campuses for monitoring the indoor environment, health protocols, and sanitation. The designed VEX autonomous robotic system performed the following tasks: (a) moving around the university classrooms and scanning the body temperature of students and staff, as well as tracking environmental parameters in classrooms;(b) executing sanitation function by disinfecting objects in classrooms;and (c) performing security function by sending an alert signal to health and safety officer if a student or staff with fever enters the classroom, or if staff or student is not wearing face mask indoors. Particle Photon microcontrollers linked to sensors and actuators were used to detect and manage indoor environmental conditions as well as track individuals' body temperatures from a distance, with the data being stored in the ThingSpeak and Particle cloud platforms and displayed on smartphone apps. Transfer learning through MIT App Inventor's Personal Image Classifier was used to detect health protocol violations with 93.33% accuracy. The maximum distance traversed by the robot prototype was 38 meters, with an average time of 220 seconds and an average speed of 0.17 meters per second. The robot had an 88.89% success rate in following the black-lined course. This intelligent robotic system can limit staff and student exposure to infectious diseases and implement "new normal"health and safety practices on campus as post-COVID-19 precautions. © 2023 IEEE.

Assessment of respiratory disease infection risk and natural ventilation intervention countermeasures in teaching spaces: A campus case study

The risk of indoor respiratory disease transmission can be significantly reduced through interventions that target the built environment. Several studies have successfully developed theoretical models to calculate the effects of built environment parameters on infection rates. However, current studies have mainly focused on calculating infection rate values and comparing pre- and post-optimization values, lacking a discussion of safe baseline values for infection rates with risk class classification. The purpose of this paper is to explore the design of interventions in the built environment to improve the ability of buildings to prevent virus transmission, with a university campus as an example. The study integrates the Wells-Riley model and basic reproduction number to identify teaching spaces with high infection risk on campus and proposes targeted intervention countermeasures based on the analysis of critical parameters. The results showed that teaching buildings with a grid layout pattern had a higher potential risk of infection under natural ventilation. By a diversity of building environment interventions designed, the internal airflow field of classrooms can be effectively organized, and the indoor virus concentration can be reduced. We can find that after optimizing the building mentioned above and environment intervention countermeasures, the maximum indoor virus infection probability can be reduced by 22.88%, and the basic reproduction number can be reduced by 25.98%, finally reaching a safe level of less than 1.0. In this paper, we support university campuses' respiratory disease prevention and control programs by constructing theoretical models and developing parametric platforms. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

Energy Assessment of Academic Campus: IIT Gandhinagar as a Case Study

This case study examines the Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar (IITGN) campus's monthly energy consumption profile in detail to understand how it varies according to academic calendar, seasonal variability, and the recent COVID 19 pandemic. In addition, a detailed assessment of the electricity bill and its sub-component calculations are intended to understand how the energy consumption pattern affects the overall monthly electricity bill. From this study, it is observed that the energy consumption of academic areas, hostel areas, and chiller plants account for 80-90% of total energy consumption. The on-site solar PV energy generation at IITGN campus accounts for 1014% of total monthly energy consumption, which varies greatly by season. The analyses performed in this paper were inferred by three years of historical data of actual energy consumption and monthly electricity bills. Based on the analysis presented in this paper some recommendations towards the energy conservation measures are also given. © 2022 IEEE.

From Explaining to Engaging: A Seventy-Thirty Rule

At the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak, universities worldwide quickly adapted to an online teaching setting as an emergency measure. During this rapid adaption, individual academics were given the challenge of teaching online [1]. Due to the vast discrepancies between the usual pedagogical approach to online teaching and to online teaching necessitated by the pandemic, the latter limited itself to instructor-centred knowledge transmission [2]. More recently, learning has moved back to the on-campus setting. This paper reports on one instructor's change to on-campus sessions based on experience in transforming pre-pandemic on-campus sessions, which were explanation centred, to pandemic online sessions, which were activity-centred and therefore more engaging for the students. The post-pandemic on-campus sessions comprised three parts: (1) Whiteboard Centring, (2) Case Study Introduction, and (3) Solution Envisioning. The sessions were strongly student-centred and incorporated a 15 to 20-min break. The material covered in the sessions was examined in the module's unseen 2-h examination. When compared with previous results, the students performed better overall, and inspection of the examination scripts suggested that more of the students had a better understanding of the material. The paper discusses the extent to which the improvement reflects the student-centred approach. In addition, a 70–30 rule is proposed as a way of both characterising the instructor's student-centred approach and offering one guide to instructors as to whether they themselves are adopting a student-centred approach. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Campus outdoor environment, learning engagement, and the mental health of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: From the perspective of students in different grades.

Introduction: During COVID-19, the mental health of Chinese university students has been a pressing concern. But the internal mechanism of perceived campus outdoor environment and learning engagement affecting college students' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been fully discussed. Methods: The current study used cross-sectional data from 45 Chinese universities to explore the relationship among perceptions of campus outdoor environments, learning engagement, and college student mental health, and focused on differences among college students in different grades. Results: Our study revealed the mental health problems of Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic were more severe. The mental health of postgraduates was generally poor, and their risk of depression was higher than that of undergraduates. More importantly, for postgraduates, the direct impact of the perceived campus outdoor environment on their mental health was stronger. For undergraduates, the indirect impact of learning engagement on the effect of the perceived campus outdoor environment on their mental health was stronger. Conclusion: The results of the study have implications for campus planners, landscape architects, and university planners to pay particular attention to the needs of postgraduates for campus outdoor environments, which is of great significance to improve the overall mental health of students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The effect of smart campus on the low infection rate in the post-pandemic era.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought much attention to contactless services. Therefore, strengthening the construction of artificial intelligence in universities and improving the level of campus intelligent construction could reduce the infection rate of COVID-19 to a certain extent. The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has posed severe challenges to university governance and campus safety; however, it has also created a good opportunity to promote the construction of smart campuses. Based on the questionnaire survey method, this paper uses the structural equation model as the methodology to verify whether smart campuses of colleges and universities could achieve a low infection rate in the post-pandemic era. The study findings were: (1) A great correlation was observed between the construction of smart campuses and the realization of the low infection possibility of the campus. The more effective the university's smart campus is, the more likely it is to achieve its low infection rate target; (2) The core intermediary transmission mechanism of the management using smart campuses is informatization. Symmetry improves information processing efficiency to reduce security risks; (3) Although smart campuses in colleges and universities in the post-pandemic era could achieve a low infection rate to a certain extent, still deficiencies exist encouraging further development. Thus, the construction of smart campuses should be promoted by raising awareness, setting up a special management department, and improving information utilization.

Hospitality and tourism management student satisfaction with their majors and career readiness amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak impacted hospitality and tourism management (HTM) program offerings that typically attract students, such as experiential learning courses, field trips, and internships, which were canceled or postponed. This transition has raised concerns about whether student satisfaction with their major and their perceived career readiness were impacted by the modified curriculum. Therefore, this study investigates how perceived curriculum, campus support, and self-efficacy affect HTM student satisfaction with the major and career readiness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, perceived curriculum, campus support, and self-efficacy positively influenced student satisfaction with their major. Self-efficacy has a positive impact on career readiness.

Implementation of a bystander intervention model to promote referrals to and enhance utilization of mental health resources by students in a community college setting

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic increased college students' risk and prevalence of mental health conditions. However, campus mental health resources have been underutilized, and referral of students in need hindered by bystanders' (i.e., faculty, staff, peers) lack of preparedness. This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project aimed to improve bystanders' preparedness using evidence-based practice (EBP). Expected outcomes included increased referrals to and utilization of mental health resources and improved access to care for college students. Guided by Social Cognitive Theory and Bystander Effect Theory, the project also focused on the concepts of self-efficacy and confidence. Workshops, based on the BeVocal bystander intervention model, were provided virtually to volunteers from a suburban, community college's faculty/staff and student populations. Participants completed anonymous surveys for demographic data and Gatekeeper Behavior Surveys for self-rated confidence, preparedness, and likelihood to act pre- and post-workshop. A postcard was developed and provided for participants as a resource post training. Significant improvement was found post-workshop in participants' preparedness (p < 0.001), self-efficacy (p < 0.001), and likelihood to intervene (p = 0.002) for both sample groups. A 115.09% increase in concerning behavior reports and an 87.54% increase in referrals to college mental health resources occurred during the four months after the workshop implementation. Access to mental health care for college students was promoted through community engagement and increased preparedness to recognize and refer. Based upon the results, the BeVocal bystander intervention model and workshops will be continued at the community college through a grant obtained for the program. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)